Publications

Book Chapters

Xu, G., Lemmer, K., “Electrostatic Microthrusters.” in Space Micropropulsion for Nanosatellites: Progress, Challenges and Future. Edited by Kean How Cheah. Cambridge, MA. Elsevier, 2022. [1016/B978-0-12-819037-1.00011-6]

Lemmer, K., Xu, G., “Electromagnetic Microthrusters.” in Space Micropropulsion for Nanosatellites: Progress, Challenges and Future. Edited by Kean How Cheah. Cambridge, MA. Elsevier, 2022. [1016/B978-0-12-819037-1.00007-4]

Journal Publications

White, Z.K., Xu, K.G., Thakur, S.C., "Investigation of high field plasma dynamics in a laser produced plasma expanding into a background gas," Physics of Plasmas, 31, 042105, 2024. [10.1063/5.0193271]

Ghimire, B., Kolobov, V.I., Xu, K.G., “Influence of Liquid Conductance on the Temporal Evolution of Self-Organization Patterns in Atmospheric Pressure DC Glow Discharges,” Physica Scripta, Vol 98, No 9, 2023. [1088/1402-4896/aceb1c]

White Z.K., Gott, R.P., Bentz, B.Z., Xu, K.G., “Spatiotemporal Measurements of Striations in a Glow Discharge's Positive Column using Laser-Collisional Induced Fluorescence,” AIP Advances, 13, 085015, 2023. [1063/5.0096695]

Ghimire, B., Briggs, E. F., Sysoeva, T. A., Mayo, J. A., Xu, K. G., “Contrasting the Characteristics of Atmospheric Pressure Plasma Jets Operated with Single and Double Dielectric Material: Physicochemical Characteristics and Application to Bacterial Killing,” Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics, 2023. [10.1088/1361-6463/acb602]

Goodson, M, Xu, K.G., Guggilla, P., “Effects of Non-Thermal Plasma Jet Treatment of Pure/Doped Polystyrene Thin Films on UV-Vis Optical Properties,” European Journal of Applied Physics, Vol 10, Issue 1, 2022. [10.14738/aivp.101.11533]

Walsten, A.T., Dextre, R.A., Polzin, K., Xu, K.G., “Comparison of Single and Concentric Split-Ring Resonator Generated Microplasmas,” JVSTA, 2022. [10.1116/6.0001483]

Hopping, E.P., Huang, W., Xu, K.G., “Small Hall Effect Thruster with 3D Printed Discharge Channel: Design and Thrust Measurements,” Aerospace, 8, 27, 2021. [10.3390/aerospace8080227]

Gott, R.P., Thompson, M.E., Staton, B.C., Williams, B.M., Xu, K.G., “Analysis of Time-Resolved Plasma Jet Emissions that Drive Methylene Blue Dye Decomposition,” IEEE Transactions of Plasma Science, Vol 49, No 7, 2021. [10.1109/TPS.2021.3089852]

Gott, R.P., Miller, S.D., Hodges, J.C., Xu, K.G., “Plasma-Based Water Purification for Crewed Space Missions: Laboratory Experimental Comparisons for On-Board Applicability,” Advances in Space Research, 68, p1591-1699. [10.1016/j.asr.2021.04.011]

Walsten, A.T., Xu, K.G., Sanderson, C., Ballmann, C., Matyas, D., “Discharge Dynamics of a Nanosecond Pulsed Helium/Argon Nanosecond Atmospheric Pressure Glow Discharge,” Physics of Plasmas, 28, 053503, 2021. [10.1063/5.0042995]

Gott, R.P., Xu, K.G., “Time-Resolved Imaging and Spectroscopy of Atmospheric Pressure Plasma Bullet Propagation and RONS Production,” Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics, Vol 53, No 31, 2020.

Dextre, R.A., Yamauchi, Y., Polzin, K., Xu, K.G., “Concentric Split-Ring Resonator Microwave Microplasma Generation at Off-Resonant Frequencies” IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science, 2020.

Sanderson, C.R., Ballmann, C.W., Han, J., Clark, A.B., Hokr, B.H., Xu, K.G., and Heaven, M.C., "Demonstration of a quasi-CW diode-pumped metastable xenon laser," Optics Express 27, 36011-36021 (2019).

Gott, R.P., Xu, K.G., “OH production and jet length of an atmospheric pressure plasma jet for soft and biomaterial treatment,” IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science, Vol.47, No. 11, 2019.

Volkov, A.G., Hariston, J.S., Patel, D., Gott, R.P., Xu, K.G., “Cold Plasma Poration and Corrugation of Pumpkin Seed Coats,” Bioelectrochemistry, Vol. 128, p 175-185, 2019.

Volkov, A.G., Xu, K.G., Kolobov, V.I., “Plasma generated reactive oxygen and nitrogen species can lead to closure, locking and constriction of the Dionaea muscipula Ellis trap,” Journal of the Royal Society Interface, 16: 20180713, 2018.

Tucker, B. S., Baker, P. A., Xu, K. G., Vohra, Y., Thomas, V., "Atmospheric Pressure Jet Plasma: A Facile Method to Modify the Intimal Surface of Polymeric Tubular Conduits," Journal of Vacuum Science and Technology A, Vol. 36, No. 04F404, 2018.

Doyle, S. J., Salvador, P. R., Xu, K.G., “Flame exposure time on Langmuir probe degradation, ion density, and thermionic emission for flame temperature,” Review of Scientific Instruments, 88, 113503, 2017.

Doyle, S. J., Salvador, P. R., Xu, K. G., “Microplasma jet cleaning of Langmuir probes for methane-air premixed flame diagnostics,” Journal of Vacuum Science and Technology A, 35, 061309, 2017. 

Volkov, A. G., Xu, K. G., Kolobov, V. I., "Cold Plasma Interactions with Plants: Morphing and movements of Venus flytrap and Mimosa pudica induced by Argon Plasma Jet," Bioelectrochemistry, Vol. 118, 2017.

Salvador, P. R., Xu, K. G., "DC Forcing of an Atmospheric Multi-Burner Flame with A cylindrical Electrode for Rocket Combustor Emulation," Journal of Spacecraft and Rockets, Vol. 55, No. 1, 2018. [doi: 10.2514/1.A33737]

Henderson, B. R., Xu, K. G., “Electric Field Damping of Rijke Tube Combustion Instabilities,” Journal of Propulsion and Power, Vol. 34, No. 1, 2018. [10.2514/1.B36435]

Salvador, P. R., Xu, K. G., “Electric Field Modified Bunsen Flame with Variable Anode Placement,” Journal of Thermophysics and Heat Transfer, Vol31, No. 4, 2017. [10.2514/1.T5069]

Doyle, S.J., Xu, K.G., "Use of Thermocouples and Argon Line Broadening for Gas Temperature Measurement in a Radio Frequency Atmospheric Microplasma Jet," Review of Scientific Instruments, 88, 023114, 2017.

Dextre, R.A., Xu, K.G., "Effect of the Split-Ring Resonator Width on the Microwave Microplasma Properties," IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science, Vol. 45, NO. 2, 2017.

Xu, K.G., Doyle, S.J, "Measurement of Atmospheric Pressure Microplasma Jet with Langmuir Probes," Journal of Vacuum Science and Technology A, 34, 051301, 2016.

Jacbos, S.V., Xu, K.G., "Examination of Ionic Wind and Cathode Sheath Effects in a E-field Premixed Flame with Ion Density Measurements," Physics of Plasmas, 23, 043504, 2016.

Langendorf, S., Xu, K.G., Walker, M.L.R., "Effects of Wall Electrodes on Hall Effect Thruster Plasma," Physics of Plasmas, 22, 023505, 2015.

Xu, K. G., “Plasma Sheath Behavior and Ionic Wind Effect in Electric Field Modified Flames,” Combustion and Flame, 161, 2014. 

Xu, K. G., Walker, M. L. R., “Effect of External Cathode Azimuthal Position on Hall Effect Thruster Plume and Diagnostics,” Journal of Propulsion and Power, Vol.30, No. 2, 2014.

Xu, K. G, Dao, H., Walker, M. L. R., “Potential Contour Shaping and Sheath Behavior with Wall Electrodes and Near-Wall Magnetic Fields in Hall Thrusters,” Physics of Plasmas, Vol. 19, No. 10, 2012. 

Xu, K. G, Walker, M. L. R., “2012Plume Characterization of an Ion Focusing Hall Thruster.” Journal of Propulsion and Power, Vol. 28, No. 5, 2012. 

Xu, K. G, Walker, M. L. R., “Technique to Collimate Ions in a Hall Effect Thruster Discharge Chamber,” Journal of Propulsion and Power, Vol. 27, No. 3, 2011. 

Xu, K. G, and Walker, M.L.R., “High-Power, Null-Type, Inverted Pendulum Thrust Stand,” Review of Scientific Instruments, 80, 2009. 

Conferences

Kinsey, J., Cassibry, J., Xu, K.G., “Computational Modeling of the Effects of Magnetic Field Topology on Pulsed Propulsion Efficiency,” AIAA SciTech Forum 2024, Orlando, FL, 2024.

Hemming, M., Hill, R., Hemming, N., Xu, K.G., “Meta-Analysis of Experimental Rotating Detonation Engines for Performance Trends,” AIAA SciTech Forum 2024, Orlando, FL, 2024.

Hill, R., Hemming, M., Sauer, J., Xu, K.G., “Experimental Study of Liquid-Gas Coaxial Swirl Injectors,” AIAA SciTech Forum 2024, Orlando, FL, 2024.

Cobb, G., Sauer, J., Hemming, M., Xu, K.G., “Experimental Study of Fluidic Diode Geometries for Injector Backflow Mitigation,” AIAA SciTech Forum 2024, Orlando, FL, 2024.

M. Berg, G. Xu, and R. A. Frederick, “Solid Fuel Rotating Detonation Ramjet for Hypersonic Air-Breathing Propulsion,” 40^th JANNAF Airbreathing Propulsion Meeting, Salt Lake City, UT, 2023

Wagner, I., Xu, K.G., “Investigation of Plasma-Induced Magnetic Flux Compression on Induced Current in a Stator Coil Within Different Magnetic Field Configurations,” 65^th Annual Meeting of the APS Division of Plasma Physics, Denver, CO, 2023.

White, Z., Xu, K.G., Thakur, S.C., “Laser produced plasma expansion into high magnetic field gradients,” 65^th Annual Meeting of the APS Division of Plasma Physics, Denver, CO, 2023.

Walsten, A., Xu, K.G., “LCIF Measurements of a Magnetically Confined Microwave Plasma Source,” 65^th Annual Meeting of the APS Division of Plasma Physics, Denver, CO, 2023.

Ghimire, B., Nagarajan, N., Xu, K.G., “Understanding the propagation of an atmospheric pressure plasma jet inside a helical tube,” 65^th Annual Meeting of the APS Division of Plasma Physics, Denver, CO, 2023

White, Z.K., “Flux compression magnetic nozzle feasibly – instability,” 2023 MagNetUS Meeting, Auburn, AL, 2023.

Nagarajan, N., Xu, K.G., “Study of falling water droplet in atmospheric dielectric barrier discharge plasma,” 76^th Annual Gaseous Electronics Conference, Ann Arbor, MI, 2023.

Ghimire, B., Kolobov, V.I., Xu, K.G., “Understanding the Formation of Stable and Unstable Cathode Spots in Plasma-Liquid Interactions,” 76^th Annual Gaseous Electronics Conference, Ann Arbor, MI, 2023.

Hemming, M.R., Hill, D.R., Cobb, G.R., Sauer, J.A., Lineberry, D.M., Xu, K.G., Teasley, T.W., “Mixing and Recovery Performance of Triplet Impinging Injectors with Varying Flow Areas for Detonative Combustion,” AIAA SciTech Forum 2023, National Harbor, MD.

White, Z.K., Xu, K.G., Thakur. S.C., Thomas Jr, E., “Study of the collisional effects and increasing transverse magnetic field on the expansion of a laser produced plasma,” 64^th Annual Meeting of APS DPP, Spokane, WA, 2022.

Wagner, I., Xu, K.G., “Dual-View Imaging of Laser-Induced Plasma Expansion at Varying Pressures,” 64^th Annual Meeting of APS DPP, Spokane, WA, 2022.

Ghimire, B., Briggs, E., Sysoeva, T., Mayo, J., Xu, K.G., “Atmospheric pressure plasma jets operated by shielded and unshielded high voltage electrodes: Physicochemical characteristics and application to bacterial killing,” 64^th Annual Meeting of APS DPP, Spokane, WA, 2022.

Laya, N.P., Xu, K.G., “Design, Construction and Characterization of a Coaxial Plasma Gun for Torsional Magnetic Reconnection Propulsion,” 64^th Annual Meeting of APS DPP, Spokane, WA, 2022.

Ghimire, B., Xu, K.G., “Contrasting the Characteristics of Atmospheric Pressure Plasma Jets Operated by Shielded and Unshielded High Voltage Electrodes,” 6^th Asia Pacific Conference on Plasma Physics, Virtual, 2022.

Holley, K., Xu, K.G., “Career Pathways and Partnerships with Industry: Lessons Learned from a Grant-Sponsored Transfer Student Program in Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering,” 4^th Annual Alabama Transfer Student Success Conference (ACHIEVE), Virtual, 2022.

Hemming, M,R., Lineberry, D.M., Xu, K.G., “Plasma Injection Method and Parameter Effect on Methane-Oxygen Detonation in a Linear Detonation Tube,” AIAA SciTech Forum 2022, San Diego, CA, 2022.

Laya, N., Xu, K.G., “Optimization of Screen Grid Aperture Diameter and Aperture Count in Ion Thrusters for Maximum Screen Grid Ion Transparency,” AIAA SciTech Forum 2022, San Diego, CA, 2022

Unruh, E.C., Venters, J.P., Hemming, M.R., Lineberry, D.M., Xu, K.G., and Frederick, R.A., "Experimental Study of a Racetrack-Type Rotating Detonation Rocket Engine with liquid-fuel shear-coaxial injectors," 68^th JANNAF Propulsion Meeting, Virtual. 2021.

Unruh, E.C., Venters, J.P., Hemming, M.R., Lineberry, D.M., Xu, K.G., and Frederick, R.A., "Experimental Study of a Racetrack-Type Rotating Detonation Rocket Engine with Shear-Coaxial Injectors Run on Gaseous Methane and Oxygen," AIAA Propulsion and Energy 2021 Forum, Virtual. 2021.

White, Z, Murata, N., Xu, K.G., "Magnetic Deflection of a Low-Temperature Plasma Jet for a Magnetic Nozzle for Pulsed Fission-Fusion Engine," AIAA Propulsion and Energy 2021 Forum, Virtual. 2021.

Mentreddy, S.R., Duong, L., Nyochembeng, L., Cebert, E., Kumar, S., Gott, R., and Xu, K.G., “Low Temperature Atmospheric Plasmas Effects on Sprouting and Plant Growth of Turmeric (Curcuma Spp.) Rhizomes in the Greenhouse and the Field,” 3^rd International Workshop on Plasma Agriculture, Griefswald, Germany, 2021.

Nagarajan, N., and Xu, K.G., "Effect of the width and number of rings of concentric split ring resonator on plasma generation for miniature ion thruster," AIAA Propulsion and Energy 2021 Forum, Virtual. 2021.

Unruh, E. C., Spaulding, M., Lineberry, D. M., Xu, K. G., & Frederick, R. A. “Development of an Optically Accessible Racetrack-Type Rotating Detonation Rocket Engine.” AIAA Propulsion and Energy 2020 Forum, Virtual, 2020.

Duong, L.T, Mentreddy, R.T., Gott, R., Xu, K.G., “The Effects of Low-Temperature Plasma on Sprouting and Plant Growth of Immature and Mature Rhizomes of Turmeric (Curcuma longa) in the Greenhouse,” 2020 American Society for Horticultural Science Conference, Virtual, 2020.

Mentreddy, R.T., Duong, L.T., Gott, R., Xu, K.G., Low Temperature Atmospheric Plasma: A Potential Tool for Improving Sprouting and Plant Growth of Turmeric,” 2020 American Society for Horticultural Science Conference, Virtual, 2020.

Bentz, B.Z., White, Z.K., Gott, R.P., Xu, K.G., Barnat, E.V., “Estimating electron density, electron temperature, and signal-to-noise ratio from laser-collision induced fluorescence data by treating the measurement as a stochastic process,” 73^rd Annual Gaseous Electronics Conference, Virtual Online, 2020.

Kolobov, V., Arslanbekov, R., Tahiyat, M., Farouk, T., Xu, K.G., “Computational and experimental studies of plasma stratification in noble gases and nitrogen,” 73^rd Annual Gaseous Electronics Conference, Virtual Online, 2020.

Laya, N., Walsten, A., Xu, K.G., “Three-dimensional measurement of electron temperature and density in a split ring resonator microplasma using Langmuir probes,” 73^rd Annual Gaseous Electronics Conference, Virtual Online, 2020.

Brick, D., Xu, K.G., “Atmospheric pressure plasma jet modeling with smoothed particle hydrodynamics,” 73^rd Annual Gaseous Electronics Conference, Virtual Online, 2020.

Walsten, A.T., Xu, K.G., Sanderson, C., Ballmann, C., Matyas, D., “Temporal imaging and measurement of a high pressure He/Ar microplasma for DPRGL,” 72^nd Annual Gaseous Electronics Conference, College Station, TX, 2019.

White, Z., Gott, R.P., Xu, K.G., “Spatial diagnostic techniques of striations in a DC glow discharge,” 72^nd Annual Gaseous Electronics Conference, College Station, TX, 2019.

Gott, R.P., Xu, K.G., “Synchronized imaging and spectroscopy of atmospheric pressure plasma bullets for soft and biomaterial applications,” 72^nd Annual Gaseous Electronics Conference, College Station, TX, 2019.

Thompson, M., Gott, R.P., Xu, K.G., “Efficiency of methylene blue in water purification using atmospheric plasma jet under varying conditions,” 72^nd Annual Gaseous Electronics Conference, College Station, TX, 2019.

Karri, H., Hazeli, K., Xu, K.G., “Lessons learn in year one: What the undergraduate transfer student experience looks like in a NSF-supported mechanical and aerospace engineering program,” ACHIEVE Conference 2019, Birmingham, AL, 2019.

Walsten, A.T., Latham, N., Xu, K.G., Sanderson, C. and Matyas, D.J., 2019. "Imaging and Measurement of High Pressure He/Ar Microplasma for DPRGL," AIAA Scitech 2019 Forum, San Diego, CA, 2019.

Gott, R.P., Xu, K.G., “Optical measurements of OH in an atmospheric plasma jet for plasma-based water purification,” 71^st Annual Gaseous Electrons Conference, Portland, OR, 2018.

Latham, N., Xu, K.G., “Optical analysis of high pressure microplasma glow and arc discharges,” 71^st Annual Gaseous Electrons Conference, Portland, OR, 2018.

Volkov, A., Xu, K.G., Kolobov, V.I., “Venus flytrap as a sensor of plasma-produced RONS,” 71^st Annual Gaseous Electrons Conference, Portland, OR, 2018.

Thomas, V., Tucker, B., Xu, K., Becker, P., Vohra, Y., “Atmospheric pressure plasma based modification of soft biomaterials and interfaces,” 2019 TMS Annual Meeting & Exhibition, San Antonio, TX, 2019.

Ryota, N., and Xu, K. G., "Development of a Metronome Thrust Stand for Miniature Electric Propulsion." 54th AIAA Joint Propulsion Conference, Cincinnatti, OH, 2018. 

Toyofumi, Y., and Xu, K G., “A Miniature Gridded Ion Thruster using Split Ring Resonator Microplasma." 54th AIAA Joint Propulsion Conference, Cincinnatti, OH, 2018. 

Latham, N., Mann, N., Xu, K. G., Sanderson, C., Hokr, B., "Corona-Glow-Arc Transitions in High Pressure He/Ar Microplasma for Diode Pumped Rare  Gas Lasers," AIAA Scitech 2018 Forum, Kissimmee, FL, 2018.

Hopping, E., Xu, K. G., “Design and testing of a Hall effect thruster with 3D printed channel and propellant distributor,” 35^th International Electric Propulsion Conference, Atlanta, GA, 2017.

Gott, R., Xu, K. G., “Development of a microplasma-based heaterless, insertless cathode” 35^th International Electric Propulsion Conference, Atlanta, GA, 2017.

Dextre, R. A., Xu, K. G., “Understanding concentric split ring resonators and its microwave microplasma properties,” 35^th International Electric Propulsion Conference, Atlanta, GA, 2017.

Salvador, P. R., Xu, K. G., “Effect of DC Electric Fields on The combustion of a Simplified Multi-Element Injector,” AIAA Scitech 2017 Forum, Grapevine, TX, 2017.

Doyle, S. J., Xu, K. G., “Nanoparticle Synthesis via a High Voltage Pulsed DC Atmospheric-Pressure Microplasma Jet,” AVS 63^rd International Symposium & Exhibition, Nashville, TN, 2016.

Dextre, R. A., Searcy, B. R., Xu, K. G., “Confined versus Unconfined Analysis of Split Ring Resonator Microplasma Source in a Microwave Electrothermal Thruster,” AIAA SciTech 2016 Forum, San Diego, CA, 2016. AIAA-2016-1945.

Dextre, R. A., Xu, K. G., “Status of Development and Measurement of a Microwave Microplasma Source for Micropropulsion,” 51st AIAA Joint Propulsion Conference, Orlando, FL, 2015. AIAA-2015-3724.

Blair, L. M., Xu, K. G.,“Langmuir Probe Diagnostics of an Atmospheric-Pressure Microplasma,” AIAA Aviation 2015 Forum, Dallas, TX, 2015. AIAA-2015-2805

Jacobs, S. V., Xu, K. G., “Electron Temperature in a Methane-Air Flame under a DC Electric Field,” AIAA Aviation 2015 Forum, Dallas, TX, 2015. AIAA-2015-2657

Jacbos, S.V., Xu, K.G., "Measurement of Plasma Activity and Combustion Radical Production in a 1D Premixed Methane-Air Flame," 50th AIAA Joint Propulsion Conference, Cleveland, OH, 2014. AIAA-2014-3982.

Xu, K.G., Williams, L.T., "A Simple Model for Atmospheric Microplasma Sheath," 41st IEEE International Conference on Plasma Science, Washington, DC, 2014. ICOPS 5C-1

Xu, K.G, “Micro-Propulsion Concepts Utilizing Microplasma Generators,” 33rd International Electric Propulsion Conference, Washington, DC, 2013. IEPC-2013-084